Reading Comprehension
Reading Comprehension: English Reading Comprehension Exercises with Answers, Sample Passages for Reading Comprehension Test for GRE, CAT, IELTS preparation
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English Reading Comprehension Test Questions and Answers. Improve your ability to read and comprehend English Passages
Q181. > The subject “Good Governance” is both topical and timely. It is an
> axiom of political science that a State comes into being for life but
> it exists for good life. The duty of the state is not only to protect
> life and liberty but goes further, to enable the people to live in a
> measure of physical and mental comfort. Democracy is a government by
> the citizens themselves. The people should realise that they are
> responsible for choosing the right and proper persons to represent
> them in national affairs. In colonial administration the government
> was different from the people. Those governments ruled but without the
> consent and concurrence of the people. This old concept still persists
> in the masses today. They do not realise that the general election is
> the occasion for them to choose a government for themselves. On the
> contrary, the masses feel that the franchise is a patronage to be
> conferred on their kith and kin, or the local candidate, or one of
> their caste and religious fraternity. In mature democracies, a person
> who changes his party affiliation or crosses the floor, seldom gets
> re-elected by the electorate. They do not trust him to stand firm by
> the policies and programmes proposed by him. In India a person who was
> in the Congress Government and immediately thereafter in the Janata
> Government and then in Chandrashekhar Government was re-elected and
> came once again into the Congress Government! The electorate votes for
> a criminal or a corrupt candidate, and bemoans that the country has a
> bad government. The electorate does not realise that even as it
> contributes to its own household expenditure, it has to contribute to
> the country’s governance. It is easily misled by the unscrupulous
> promises of political parties of free food, free clothes, free
> electricity, free everything. Even enlightened people plead for tax
> concessions, subsidies and incentives oblivious of the fact that they
> are met by borrowings which in turn impose burdens indirectly on
> themselves. Besides, in a true democracy, the people voluntarily
> observe the laws, rules and regulations as they are forged by
> themselves in the interest of good governance. It is only because 90%
> of the people abide by the laws and 10% transgress them that the state
> is able to maintain order and harmony. If the situation were reversed
> with 90% transgressing the law and 10% abiding by it, there can be no
> organised society, no peace and harmony. Some of the advanced
> countries, notably Switzerland, have perhaps the highest degree of
> compliance. A mere board stating that the road is closed will be
> complied with by almost 100% of the people.
Which of the following is true in the context of the passage?
- Good governance is related to the welfare of the people.
- We have a mature democracy in India.
- The leaders who change parties face hurdles in getting re-elected in our country.
- Colonial rule was much better than the present democracy.
- None of these
Solution : Good governance is related to the welfare of the people.
Q182. > The subject “Good Governance” is both topical and timely. It is an
> axiom of political science that a State comes into being for life but
> it exists for good life. The duty of the state is not only to protect
> life and liberty but goes further, to enable the people to live in a
> measure of physical and mental comfort. Democracy is a government by
> the citizens themselves. The people should realise that they are
> responsible for choosing the right and proper persons to represent
> them in national affairs. In colonial administration the government
> was different from the people. Those governments ruled but without the
> consent and concurrence of the people. This old concept still persists
> in the masses today. They do not realise that the general election is
> the occasion for them to choose a government for themselves. On the
> contrary, the masses feel that the franchise is a patronage to be
> conferred on their kith and kin, or the local candidate, or one of
> their caste and religious fraternity. In mature democracies, a person
> who changes his party affiliation or crosses the floor, seldom gets
> re-elected by the electorate. They do not trust him to stand firm by
> the policies and programmes proposed by him. In India a person who was
> in the Congress Government and immediately thereafter in the Janata
> Government and then in Chandrashekhar Government was re-elected and
> came once again into the Congress Government! The electorate votes for
> a criminal or a corrupt candidate, and bemoans that the country has a
> bad government. The electorate does not realise that even as it
> contributes to its own household expenditure, it has to contribute to
> the country’s governance. It is easily misled by the unscrupulous
> promises of political parties of free food, free clothes, free
> electricity, free everything. Even enlightened people plead for tax
> concessions, subsidies and incentives oblivious of the fact that they
> are met by borrowings which in turn impose burdens indirectly on
> themselves. Besides, in a true democracy, the people voluntarily
> observe the laws, rules and regulations as they are forged by
> themselves in the interest of good governance. It is only because 90%
> of the people abide by the laws and 10% transgress them that the state
> is able to maintain order and harmony. If the situation were reversed
> with 90% transgressing the law and 10% abiding by it, there can be no
> organised society, no peace and harmony. Some of the advanced
> countries, notably Switzerland, have perhaps the highest degree of
> compliance. A mere board stating that the road is closed will be
> complied with by almost 100% of the people.
What makes Switzerland a successful democracy?
- Clear instructions regarding public concerns marked on boards, even on roadsides
- High rate of literacy among the populace
- Law-abiding citizens
- Governance with a mission
- None of these
Solution : Law-abiding citizens
Q183. > The subject “Good Governance” is both topical and timely. It is an
> axiom of political science that a State comes into being for life but
> it exists for good life. The duty of the state is not only to protect
> life and liberty but goes further, to enable the people to live in a
> measure of physical and mental comfort. Democracy is a government by
> the citizens themselves. The people should realise that they are
> responsible for choosing the right and proper persons to represent
> them in national affairs. In colonial administration the government
> was different from the people. Those governments ruled but without the
> consent and concurrence of the people. This old concept still persists
> in the masses today. They do not realise that the general election is
> the occasion for them to choose a government for themselves. On the
> contrary, the masses feel that the franchise is a patronage to be
> conferred on their kith and kin, or the local candidate, or one of
> their caste and religious fraternity. In mature democracies, a person
> who changes his party affiliation or crosses the floor, seldom gets
> re-elected by the electorate. They do not trust him to stand firm by
> the policies and programmes proposed by him. In India a person who was
> in the Congress Government and immediately thereafter in the Janata
> Government and then in Chandrashekhar Government was re-elected and
> came once again into the Congress Government! The electorate votes for
> a criminal or a corrupt candidate, and bemoans that the country has a
> bad government. The electorate does not realise that even as it
> contributes to its own household expenditure, it has to contribute to
> the country’s governance. It is easily misled by the unscrupulous
> promises of political parties of free food, free clothes, free
> electricity, free everything. Even enlightened people plead for tax
> concessions, subsidies and incentives oblivious of the fact that they
> are met by borrowings which in turn impose burdens indirectly on
> themselves. Besides, in a true democracy, the people voluntarily
> observe the laws, rules and regulations as they are forged by
> themselves in the interest of good governance. It is only because 90%
> of the people abide by the laws and 10% transgress them that the state
> is able to maintain order and harmony. If the situation were reversed
> with 90% transgressing the law and 10% abiding by it, there can be no
> organised society, no peace and harmony. Some of the advanced
> countries, notably Switzerland, have perhaps the highest degree of
> compliance. A mere board stating that the road is closed will be
> complied with by almost 100% of the people.
Which of the following suggestions may not be necessary to make India a mature democracy?
- The voters should elect candidates with clean image.
- The voters should not entertain candidates who frequently change their party and ideology.
- The voters should shun their narrow interests while voting for their candidates.
- The people should respect the law of the land.
- None of these
Solution : None of these
Q184. > The subject “Good Governance” is both topical and timely. It is an
> axiom of political science that a State comes into being for life but
> it exists for good life. The duty of the state is not only to protect
> life and liberty but goes further, to enable the people to live in a
> measure of physical and mental comfort. Democracy is a government by
> the citizens themselves. The people should realise that they are
> responsible for choosing the right and proper persons to represent
> them in national affairs. In colonial administration the government
> was different from the people. Those governments ruled but without the
> consent and concurrence of the people. This old concept still persists
> in the masses today. They do not realise that the general election is
> the occasion for them to choose a government for themselves. On the
> contrary, the masses feel that the franchise is a patronage to be
> conferred on their kith and kin, or the local candidate, or one of
> their caste and religious fraternity. In mature democracies, a person
> who changes his party affiliation or crosses the floor, seldom gets
> re-elected by the electorate. They do not trust him to stand firm by
> the policies and programmes proposed by him. In India a person who was
> in the Congress Government and immediately thereafter in the Janata
> Government and then in Chandrashekhar Government was re-elected and
> came once again into the Congress Government! The electorate votes for
> a criminal or a corrupt candidate, and bemoans that the country has a
> bad government. The electorate does not realise that even as it
> contributes to its own household expenditure, it has to contribute to
> the country’s governance. It is easily misled by the unscrupulous
> promises of political parties of free food, free clothes, free
> electricity, free everything. Even enlightened people plead for tax
> concessions, subsidies and incentives oblivious of the fact that they
> are met by borrowings which in turn impose burdens indirectly on
> themselves. Besides, in a true democracy, the people voluntarily
> observe the laws, rules and regulations as they are forged by
> themselves in the interest of good governance. It is only because 90%
> of the people abide by the laws and 10% transgress them that the state
> is able to maintain order and harmony. If the situation were reversed
> with 90% transgressing the law and 10% abiding by it, there can be no
> organised society, no peace and harmony. Some of the advanced
> countries, notably Switzerland, have perhaps the highest degree of
> compliance. A mere board stating that the road is closed will be
> complied with by almost 100% of the people.
With which stream does the author seem to be related?
- Sociology
- History
- Political Science
- Constitution of India
- None of these
Solution : Political Science
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Q185. > Corruption is a broad term covering a wide range of misuse of
> entrusted funds and power for personal gain i.e. Theft, fraud,
> nepotism, abuse of power etc. A corrupt act is often - but not
> necessarily - illegal. In handling corruption, you will often face a
> Gray zones and dilemmas. In many countries, corruption is everywhere
> and daily life is riddled with situations in the Gray zone between
> legal and illegal. Many people accept petty corruption as a fact of
> life. But the causes might differ, however, whether corruption results
> from a need, a culture or simply from an opportunity too tempting not
> to exploit, it influences the way we deal with it - or don’t deal with
> it. Corruption can occur on different scales. There is corruption that
> occurs as small favors between a small number of people (petty
> corruption), corruption that affects the government on a large scale
> (grand corruption), and corruption that is so prevalent that it is
> part of the everyday structure of society, including corruption as one
> of the symptoms of organized crime (systemic corruption). The main
> reason for the spread of corruption is that the people in the highest
> seat of power are corrupt unless the people at the top rung of power
> are honest and free from corruption; there is absolutely no
> possibility of eradicating corruption. If there is widespread
> corruption in India , it is because the people at the top are really
> corrupt .No subordinate will have to guts to be corrupt if the people
> at the top of the administration are honest and take stern action
> against the corrupt people .They cannot be harsh to the corrupt people
> , since it is through the corrupt subordinates that the people at the
> top get their share of the bribes .If one can make a discrete enquiry
> with the pavement traders, he can find out how much the police and the
> corporation councilors collect from the pavement traders .They say
> that the money so collected is shared by people from the top to the
> bottom. If the head is corrupt, what will the limbs do? The causes of
> corruption in India also include excessive regulations, complicated
> taxes and licensing systems, numerous government departments each with
> opaque bureaucracy and discretionary powers, monopoly by government
> controlled institutions on certain goods and services delivery, and
> the lack of transparent laws and processes. There are significant
> variations in level of corruption as well as in state government
> efforts to reduce corruption across India.
>
> A 2005 study done by Transparency International in India found that
> more than 62% of the people had firsthand experience of paying bribe
> or peddling influence to get a job done in a public office. Taxes and
> bribes are common between state borders; Transparency International
> estimates that truckers pay annually 22,200 crores (US$ 4.5 billion)
> in bribes. Government regulators and police share in bribe money, each
> to the tune of 43% and 45% respectively. The en route stoppages
> including those at checkpoints and entry-points take up to 11 hours in
> a day. About 60% of these (forced) stoppages on road by concerned
> authorities such as government regulators, police, forest, sales and
> excise, octroi, weighing and measuring department are for extorting
> money. The loss in productivity due to these stoppages is an important
> national concern. The number of truck trips could increase by 40%, if
> forced delays are avoided. According to a 2007 World Bank published
> report, the travel time for a Delhi-Mumbai trip can be reduced by
> about 2 days per trip if the corruption and associated regulatory
> stoppages to extract bribes was eliminated.
How many rupees are paid by truckers annually as per the study of transparency international?
- US $ 5.5 billion
- Rs. 22, 000 crore
- Rs. 22, 200 crore
- US $ 4 billion
- None of these
Solution : Rs. 22, 200 crore
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Solution :
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