With the capacity for food production and storage, the agrarian societies acquired surplus and also a division of labour. Both these features were missing in the hunting-gathering societies.

The beginning of agriculture brought about a revolutionary transformation in human life, and stabilized it. The hunting-gathering man was mobile, moving from one place to another in search of food. Food production required a settled life. Agriculture enhanced man's capacity for food production. Which meant that some people will produce food for everybody unlike the earlier times when everybody had to be involved in the search for food. Now those people who were liberated form the need for food production could do other things.