Reading Comprehension
Reading Comprehension: English Reading Comprehension Exercises with Answers, Sample Passages for Reading Comprehension Test for GRE, CAT, IELTS preparation
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English Reading Comprehension Test Questions and Answers. Improve your ability to read and comprehend English Passages
Q6. > The Constitution of India (Article 19) gives the right to all citizens
> to “to move freely throughout the territory of India; to reside and
> settle in any part of the territory of India” which leads to two main
> types of migration: first, internal migration, i.e. migration within
> one country, and second international migration, which means the
> movement from one country to another. The reasons for migration can be
> divided into two main aspects, the so-called “push” and “pull”
> factors. Push factors are those in their old place which force people
> to move. Pull factors are factors in the target country which
> encourage people to move; these include peace and safety, a chance of
> a better job, better education, social security, a better standard of
> living in general as well as political and religious freedom. Since
> the 1830s, international migration from India under British rule
> comprised largely of unskilled workers from poorer socio-economic
> groups who went to other colonised countries.
>
>
> Between 1834 and 1937, nearly 30 million people left India and nearly
> four-fifths returned. Post-Independence, migrants came from richer
> socio-economic groups, from wealthier parts of the country and, with
> the exception of the large migration to the Middle East, went
> industrialised. The migrant stream to the United States in particular
> has been the most highly educated, both compared to other immigrants
> into the US, as well as to other Indian migrant streams abroad. Since
> the 1990s, increasing numbers of skilled emigrants from India have
> also been moving to Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Singapore.
>
> Migration of persons within national borders is far greater in
> magnitude than migration across international borders and has enormous
> potential to contribute to economic prosperity, social cohesion and
> urban diversity. Internal migration is an essential and inevitable
> component of the economic and social life of the country, given
> regional imbalances and labour shortages, and safe migration should be
> promoted to maximise its benefits. However, in the absence of a
> coherent policy framework and strategy, migration imposes heavy costs
> on human development through poor labour arrangements and working
> conditions of migrants, and obstacles in their access to shelter,
> education, healthcare and food.
>
> Migrants constitute a ‘floating’ and invisible population, alternating
> between source and destination areas and remaining on the periphery of
> society. In India, internal migration has been accorded very low
> priority by the government, and policies of the Indian state have
> largely failed in providing any form of legal or social protection to
> this vulnerable group.
As given in the passage which type of migration does occur frequently ?
- Internal migration
- International migration
- Step migration
- Impelled migration
- None of these
Solution : Internal migration
Q7. > The Constitution of India (Article 19) gives the right to all citizens
> to “to move freely throughout the territory of India; to reside and
> settle in any part of the territory of India” which leads to two main
> types of migration: first, internal migration, i.e. migration within
> one country, and second international migration, which means the
> movement from one country to another. The reasons for migration can be
> divided into two main aspects, the so-called “push” and “pull”
> factors. Push factors are those in their old place which force people
> to move. Pull factors are factors in the target country which
> encourage people to move; these include peace and safety, a chance of
> a better job, better education, social security, a better standard of
> living in general as well as political and religious freedom. Since
> the 1830s, international migration from India under British rule
> comprised largely of unskilled workers from poorer socio-economic
> groups who went to other colonised countries.
>
>
> Between 1834 and 1937, nearly 30 million people left India and nearly
> four-fifths returned. Post-Independence, migrants came from richer
> socio-economic groups, from wealthier parts of the country and, with
> the exception of the large migration to the Middle East, went
> industrialised. The migrant stream to the United States in particular
> has been the most highly educated, both compared to other immigrants
> into the US, as well as to other Indian migrant streams abroad. Since
> the 1990s, increasing numbers of skilled emigrants from India have
> also been moving to Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Singapore.
>
> Migration of persons within national borders is far greater in
> magnitude than migration across international borders and has enormous
> potential to contribute to economic prosperity, social cohesion and
> urban diversity. Internal migration is an essential and inevitable
> component of the economic and social life of the country, given
> regional imbalances and labour shortages, and safe migration should be
> promoted to maximise its benefits. However, in the absence of a
> coherent policy framework and strategy, migration imposes heavy costs
> on human development through poor labour arrangements and working
> conditions of migrants, and obstacles in their access to shelter,
> education, healthcare and food.
>
> Migrants constitute a ‘floating’ and invisible population, alternating
> between source and destination areas and remaining on the periphery of
> society. In India, internal migration has been accorded very low
> priority by the government, and policies of the Indian state have
> largely failed in providing any form of legal or social protection to
> this vulnerable group.
What is the main reason behind internal migration?
- Various social, economic or political reasons
- This may be due to marriage for work and moved with household
- For higher education
- For expansion of business
- None of these
Solution : This may be due to marriage for work and moved with household
Q8. > The Constitution of India (Article 19) gives the right to all citizens
> to “to move freely throughout the territory of India; to reside and
> settle in any part of the territory of India” which leads to two main
> types of migration: first, internal migration, i.e. migration within
> one country, and second international migration, which means the
> movement from one country to another. The reasons for migration can be
> divided into two main aspects, the so-called “push” and “pull”
> factors. Push factors are those in their old place which force people
> to move. Pull factors are factors in the target country which
> encourage people to move; these include peace and safety, a chance of
> a better job, better education, social security, a better standard of
> living in general as well as political and religious freedom. Since
> the 1830s, international migration from India under British rule
> comprised largely of unskilled workers from poorer socio-economic
> groups who went to other colonised countries.
>
>
> Between 1834 and 1937, nearly 30 million people left India and nearly
> four-fifths returned. Post-Independence, migrants came from richer
> socio-economic groups, from wealthier parts of the country and, with
> the exception of the large migration to the Middle East, went
> industrialised. The migrant stream to the United States in particular
> has been the most highly educated, both compared to other immigrants
> into the US, as well as to other Indian migrant streams abroad. Since
> the 1990s, increasing numbers of skilled emigrants from India have
> also been moving to Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Singapore.
>
> Migration of persons within national borders is far greater in
> magnitude than migration across international borders and has enormous
> potential to contribute to economic prosperity, social cohesion and
> urban diversity. Internal migration is an essential and inevitable
> component of the economic and social life of the country, given
> regional imbalances and labour shortages, and safe migration should be
> promoted to maximise its benefits. However, in the absence of a
> coherent policy framework and strategy, migration imposes heavy costs
> on human development through poor labour arrangements and working
> conditions of migrants, and obstacles in their access to shelter,
> education, healthcare and food.
>
> Migrants constitute a ‘floating’ and invisible population, alternating
> between source and destination areas and remaining on the periphery of
> society. In India, internal migration has been accorded very low
> priority by the government, and policies of the Indian state have
> largely failed in providing any form of legal or social protection to
> this vulnerable group.
Which of the following is true in the context of the passage ?
- The maximum migration takes place in the eastern countries.
- International migration is far greater than internal migration.
- Government of India is against brain drain.
- Migrants only came from richer socio-economic groups.
- None of these
Solution : None of these
Q9. > Corruption is a broad term covering a wide range of misuse of
> entrusted funds and power for personal gain i.e. Theft, fraud,
> nepotism, abuse of power etc. A corrupt act is often - but not
> necessarily - illegal. In handling corruption you will often face a
> Gray zones and dilemmas. In many countries, corruption is everywhere
> and daily life is riddled with situations in the Gray zone between
> legal and illegal. Many people accept petty corruption as a fact of
> life. But the causes might differ, however, whether corruption results
> from a need, a culture or simply from an opportunity too tempting not
> to exploit, it influences the way we deal with it - or don’t deal with
> it. Corruption can occur on different scales. There is corruption that
> occurs as small favours between a small number of people (petty
> corruption), corruption that affects the government on a large scale
> (grand corruption), and corruption that is so prevalent that it is
> part of the every day structure of society, including corruption as
> one of the symptoms of organized crime (systemic corruption).
>
> The main reason for the spread of corruption is that the people in the
> highest seat of power are corrupt unless the people at the top rung of
> power are honest and free from corruption; there is absolutely no
> possibility of eradicating corruption. If there is widespread
> corruption in India , it is because the people at the top are really
> corrupt .No subordinate will have to guts to be corrupt if the people
> at the top of the administration are honest and take stern action
> against the corrupt people .They can not be harsh to the corrupt
> people , since it is through the corrupt subordinates that the people
> at the top get their share of the bribes .If one can make a discrete
> enquiry with the pavement traders, he can find out how much the police
> and the corporation councillors collect from the pavement traders
> .They say that the money so collected is shared by people from the top
> to the bottom. If the head is corrupt, what will the limbs do? The
> causes of corruption in India also include excessive regulations,
> complicated taxes and licensing systems, numerous government
> departments each with opaque bureaucracy and discretionary powers,
> monopoly by government controlled institutions on certain goods and
> services delivery, and the lack of transparent laws and processes.
> There are significant variations in level of corruption as well as in
> state government efforts to reduce corruption across India. A 2005
> study done by Transparency International in India found that more than
> 62% of the people had firsthand experience of paying bribe or peddling
> influence to get a job done in a public office.Taxes and bribes are
> common between state borders; Transparency International estimates
> that truckers pay annually 22,200 crores (US$ 4.5 billion) in bribes.
> Government regulators and police share in bribe money, each to the
> tune of 43% and 45% respectively. The en route stoppages including
> those at checkpoints and entry-points take up to 11 hours in a day.
> About 60% of these (forced) stoppages on road by concerned authorities
> such as government regulators, police, forest, sales and excise,
> octroi, weighing and measuring department are for extorting money. The
> loss in productivity due to these stoppages is an important national
> concern. The number of truck trips could increase by 40%, if forced
> delays are avoided. According to a 2007 World Bank published report,
> the travel time for a Delhi-Mumbai trip can be reduced by about 2 days
> per trip if the corruption and associated regulatory stoppages to
> extract bribes was eliminated.
How many rupees are paid by truckers annually as per the study of transparency international ?
- US $ 4.5 billion
- Rs. 22, 000 crore
- Rs. 22, 200 crore
- US $ 4 billion
- None of these
Solution : Rs. 22, 200 crore
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Q10. > Corruption is a broad term covering a wide range of misuse of
> entrusted funds and power for personal gain i.e. Theft, fraud,
> nepotism, abuse of power etc. A corrupt act is often - but not
> necessarily - illegal. In handling corruption you will often face a
> Gray zones and dilemmas. In many countries, corruption is everywhere
> and daily life is riddled with situations in the Gray zone between
> legal and illegal. Many people accept petty corruption as a fact of
> life. But the causes might differ, however, whether corruption results
> from a need, a culture or simply from an opportunity too tempting not
> to exploit, it influences the way we deal with it - or don’t deal with
> it. Corruption can occur on different scales. There is corruption that
> occurs as small favours between a small number of people (petty
> corruption), corruption that affects the government on a large scale
> (grand corruption), and corruption that is so prevalent that it is
> part of the every day structure of society, including corruption as
> one of the symptoms of organized crime (systemic corruption).
>
> The main reason for the spread of corruption is that the people in the
> highest seat of power are corrupt unless the people at the top rung of
> power are honest and free from corruption; there is absolutely no
> possibility of eradicating corruption. If there is widespread
> corruption in India , it is because the people at the top are really
> corrupt .No subordinate will have to guts to be corrupt if the people
> at the top of the administration are honest and take stern action
> against the corrupt people .They can not be harsh to the corrupt
> people , since it is through the corrupt subordinates that the people
> at the top get their share of the bribes .If one can make a discrete
> enquiry with the pavement traders, he can find out how much the police
> and the corporation councillors collect from the pavement traders
> .They say that the money so collected is shared by people from the top
> to the bottom. If the head is corrupt, what will the limbs do? The
> causes of corruption in India also include excessive regulations,
> complicated taxes and licensing systems, numerous government
> departments each with opaque bureaucracy and discretionary powers,
> monopoly by government controlled institutions on certain goods and
> services delivery, and the lack of transparent laws and processes.
> There are significant variations in level of corruption as well as in
> state government efforts to reduce corruption across India. A 2005
> study done by Transparency International in India found that more than
> 62% of the people had firsthand experience of paying bribe or peddling
> influence to get a job done in a public office.Taxes and bribes are
> common between state borders; Transparency International estimates
> that truckers pay annually 22,200 crores (US$ 4.5 billion) in bribes.
> Government regulators and police share in bribe money, each to the
> tune of 43% and 45% respectively. The en route stoppages including
> those at checkpoints and entry-points take up to 11 hours in a day.
> About 60% of these (forced) stoppages on road by concerned authorities
> such as government regulators, police, forest, sales and excise,
> octroi, weighing and measuring department are for extorting money. The
> loss in productivity due to these stoppages is an important national
> concern. The number of truck trips could increase by 40%, if forced
> delays are avoided. According to a 2007 World Bank published report,
> the travel time for a Delhi-Mumbai trip can be reduced by about 2 days
> per trip if the corruption and associated regulatory stoppages to
> extract bribes was eliminated.
What is the main objective of writer behind writing the passage?
- It gives an idea of right and wrong judgement.
- To remove the corruption from top to bottom.
- To throw light on corruption
- All of these
Solution : To throw light on corruption
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