The advance made by the Indian Councils Act 1861 over the 1858 Act was mainly in the inclusion of a number of non-official members in the Executive Council of the Governor-General.
The powers of the Governor-General increased more in the field of legislation. The Council was presided over by the Governor-General.
The aim of the Act, according to Sir Charles Wood, Secretary of State for India, was to prevent the legislature from interfering with the functions of the executive government.
The Executive government became too strong as legislature had power without control, association without representation.